International: Rwanda

During the Rwandan civil war in 1994, hundreds of thousands of the minority Tutsi community and moderate Hutus were killed in an organized genocide committed by right-wing Hutus. Tutsi rebels eventually overthrew the Hutu power, sending a million Hutus, fearful of revenge, on a mass exodus into Zaire and Tanzania.

In 1996, in a move to overthrow their own government, Zairian rebels stormed the largest refugee camp, killing Hutu gunmen, and dispersing the camp. In the process, thousands of unarmed civilians were again massacred as they fled back to their homes in Rwanda and away from the erupting violence in Zaire.